The phenomenon of osmosis is reversible, consequently, if a solution in contact with a semipermeable membrane undergoes a mechanical pressure higher than its osmotic pressure, some solvent will cross the membrane and this phenomenon is called reverse osmosis. It can easily be realized that this phenomenon can be used for seawater desalination or to concentrate and purify waste waters.
TRAINING PROGRAM:
The process unit enables to develop and analyze the following issues:
• effect of operating pressure
• effect of feed flow rate
• effect of UV light treatment (sterilization of permeate)
• concentrate and permeate ratio
• optimizing reverse osmosis process
• automatic PID control
• plant supervision
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS:
• Framework of AISI 304 stainless steel with castors
• Feed tank of AISI 316 stainless steel with capacity of 90 l
• Tank of AISI 316 stainless steel for collecting permeate, with capacity of 60 l
• Feed piston pump of AISI 316 stainless steel, including microfilter (5 μ) in suction, with flow rate of 0 to 700 l/h, Pmax = 60 bars
• Magnetic drive gear pump for transferring permeate to UV lamp
• Safety pressure switch
• Osmosis membrane with housing of AISI 316 stainless steel
• Bourdon gauge of AISI 304 stainless steel with range of 0 to 60 bars
• Variable area flowmeter of stainless steel and glass with range of 20 to 200 l/h
• Variable area flowmeter of stainless steel and glass, with range of 80 to 800 l/h
• Variable area flowmeter of stainless steel and glass, with range of 100 to 1000 l/h
• UV lamp for sterilizing permeate
• Microprocessor conductivity meter with sensor of stainless steel and range of 0 to 2000 μs/cm
• Connecting lines and valves of AISI 304 and 316 stainless steel
• Switchboard IP55, complying with EC conformity mark, including plant synoptic and ELCB
• Emergency pushbutton
Besides being provided with all the technical characteristics, this model also includes the following additional equipment:
• Electronic flow-rate transmitter with range of 0 to 200 l/h and 4 to 20 mA output signal
• Electronic flow-rate transmitter with range of 0 to 600 l/h and 4 to 20 mA output signal
• Electronic flow-rate transmitter with range of 0 to 1000 l/h and 4 to 20 mA output signal
• Electronic pressure transmitter of stainless steel, with range of 0 to 60 bars and 4 to 20 mA output signal
• Pneumatic valve of AISI 316 stainless steel for control of pressure, Cv = 0.32
• Pneumatic valve of AISI 316 stainless steel for controlling the discharge flow rate of concentrate, Cv = 0.2
• Digital microprocessor PID controller with two control loops
• Supervision software for Windows: it enables to control ON-OFF signals, analog signals coming from PID controller, real time trend and historical trend
